Terrorist Essays - Terrorism, Definitions Of Terrorism,

Psychological oppressor The Good, the Bad, the Terrorist? Psychological oppression essentially is hard to characterize. Demonstrations of fear mongering invoke enthusiastic reactions in the casualties just as in the professionals. No two scholars concur on what is fear mongering. Indeed, even the U.S. government can't concur on one single definition. The familiar saying, One man's fear based oppressor is another man's political dissident is as yet fit as a fiddle today (Terrorism Research Center: Definitions 1). Albeit numerous individuals accept that fear based oppression is abhorrent, it is simply misjudged in light of the fact that there is no set definition. Psychological oppressor are mindful to the vast majority of the opportunity developments in each nation. Psychological oppressor have utilized savagery to express what is on their mind to people in general. These demonstrations are frequently essential for the accomplishment of the development or cause. The utilization of this brutality can be legitimized in a few different ways. You can't make an omelet without breaking a few eggs has been utilized by fear monger to depict their activities. Psychological oppression has been utilized by governments and against them. It has been utilized as a feature of a battle by guerrillas who have across the board support and by little gatherings. Psychological oppression has been utilized in social orders where complaints can be communicated unreservedly and where free discourse is smothered. In an efficient guerrilla crusade, for instance, the principle objective may be to obliterate the administrations military powers. The brutality is constrained to acts which will accomplish that objective. This may be decimating an industrial facility which is making arms, or putting down and out piece of the administration armed force, or shelling a landing strip with the goal that it can't be utilized by government airplane. Sometimes, the utilization of fear mongering seems, by all accounts, to be a response to the crumbling of lawfulness. A steady society has typically developed tranquil methods of maintaining control and taking care of debates between its individuals without brutality. When peace separates, as they do in common wars, citizenry need to protect themselves in various manners. There might be in a circumstance where government powers are utilizing psychological oppression and guerrilla powers similar techniques consequently. Different gatherings in the public arena begin utilizing brutality to shield this privilege thus an atmosphere of dread rises. What little lawfulness remains is kept up exclusively by the most grounded bunches utilizing dread (Freeman 43). Psychological warfare has been utilized by gatherings of the privilege trying to maintain the set up framework. In Northern Ireland Protestant fanatic gatherings have utilized psychological warfare against those battling for a unified Ireland. There have been comparable gatherings in Italy and Latin America Fighting for the arrival to increasingly dictator and moderate types of government. There are a wide range of sorts of fear mongering, this makes characterizing the word troublesome. Guerrilla fighting is utilized in many transformations and is a type of fear mongering, regardless of whether it is aimless psychological oppression (model: the shelling of an open spots) or psychological warfare pointed uniquely upon the administration. Psychological warfare can likewise be utilized by a legislature to control its kin. War between nations is a spot were psychological warfare is utilized monstrously so as to strike dread into a foe (The Encyclopedia America 523). Fear based oppression is regularly a weapon after all other options have run out. Most upsets started as guerrilla psychological oppression. The American Revolution began as fear monger acts against England. The Boston Tea Party is a prime case of fear based oppression. Pioneer progressives sneaked on board an English Tea Merchant Ships, where they tossed hundreds if not a huge number of dollars worth of tea into the Atlantic Ocean. Americans today think about that episode as a step to opportunity, yet the English glance at it as the start of incalculable fear monger acts. The Law and Order Maintenance Act of 1962 in Rhodesia (presently Zimbabwe) included among its meanings of psychological militant as any individual who picketed if a basic help was put in danger thus. These strikes prompted the insurgency of the Zimbabwe individuals from the Rhodesia (English) government (Freeman 21). In South Africa, the consuming of the Identification cards and the besieging of a few army installations by the A.N.C. (African National Congress) was the start of an autonomy devel opment against the Afrikaners. Fear mongering is regularly the beginning of a transformation that makes the nation and even the world a superior spot. The IRA (Irish Republican Army) would contend that

Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal

FDR (Franklin D. Roosevelt) occupied with a program that was alluded to as the New Deal. As per the program, the government would take more jobs in order to improve the citizen’s monetary government assistance. The monetary framework was uncommonly poor when Roosevelt turned into the president in 1933.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More A lion's share of the state governments had taken a financial occasion, which planned for keeping contributors from decimating the financial establishments. The banks would be demolished if investors pulled back the entirety of their money. Roosevelt gave all financial foundations four days for occasion. Subsequently, Roosevelt compelled the Congress and got an enactment for reviving the banks. The national government affirmed that all banks were sound for reviving. Thereafter, there were a few financial changes. The Federal Deposit Ins urance Corporation permitted stores to be protected. As indicated by the New Deal, a bigger percent of the central government assets would be utilized to pay every single poor resident. Awards, instead of credits, would be given to the penniless residents. Various epic organizations were started to guarantee that the jobless profited by government-supported employments. The WPA (Works Progress Administration) started uncommon activities, which extended employment opportunities to the incompetent and talented residents. Individuals prepared as performers, on-screen characters, craftsmen, and scholars profited by such business. The PWA (Public Works Administration) started undertakings, for example, development of dams, sports focuses, and expressways. The youngsters profited by preservation ventures since they were utilized by the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps). As I would see it, photos and artistic creations are not just a chronicle of the past. Despite what might be expected, t hey are designed and formed portrayals, which detail the past. Dorothea Lange’s photographs were built to give various stories. The photos pushed for compassion toward every single destitute individuals. Dorothea was a prestigious narrative picture taker in America. Especially, she was amazingly well known for the Great Depression annals and the photos including transient homestead representatives. She made photos for the FSA (Farm Security Administration), which were evaluating the homestead worker’s everyday environments in California. A lion's share of the workers had relocated toward the west as a departure procedure from the Dust Bowl.Advertising Looking for paper on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dorothea took photos, which delineated the downturn in human lives. In 1934, Dorothea had the main show. It displayed different issues, which were confronting the administration. These included breadli ne beneficiaries, work pioneers, strike rallies, and political exhibits. In the wake of introducing her photos during the show, Dorothea found a new line of work with the New Deal Administration. The photos were used as images of the White Angel Breadline vagrant, which happened in 1933 in San Francisco. Dorothea imparted the earnest requirement for government activity to support the down and out Americans. 1939 was pronounced the time of a novel beginning. The Florence Owens Thompson succession of photos had an image of a vagrant mother. Also, the arrangement indicated an oppressed Californian pea picker. In another photo, there was a transient cotton picker from Mexico who was matured ten years. In the image, the kid was taking a shot at the family vehicle and couldn't go to class. As indicated by him, the dad never permitted him to go to class since he should pick cotton. The kid picked around twenty five pounds of cotton each day. As I would see it, this was kid work. Basically, Dorothea’s photographs and Roosevelt New Deal had a shared objective; battling for the privileges of the oppressed Americans. This exposition on Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal was composed and presented by client Sidney Frederick to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Tips for Punctuation For a Book Title in Essays

Tips for Punctuation For a Book Title in Essays Making a great essay requires not only perfect writing without grammar errors, but also following all punctuation rules. During creating your essay, you may wonder about how to punctuate a book title included into this work properly. Needless to say that you can feel stuck because you dont know what kind of punctuation you have to select. In this guide, we have gathered all the needed tips and tricks about proper punctuation for the title of a book. You dont need to search for the information on different sites, and read a lot of articles because you will find everything here! Keep reading our useful guide, and create an essay according to all standard requirements. Why we should punctuate a book title in an essay? Long times ago, people didnt have certain formatting options for documents. Sometimes writers could underline words to make them stand out and noticed by readers. Of course, nowadays nobody uses this method. Authors use italics, quotation marks, underlines, and bold to emphasize title of books they include into their papers. There are different standards of using such things, and if youre questioning yourself “How to properly punctuate a book title?”, then you should follow a reliable guide like we offer here. We dont recommend using paper examples of other authors because you never know if they used right punctuation there. Best practice how to punctuate a book title in a sentence Here we are going to give you some helpful tips about punctuating titles in your essay. Capitalization rules. Choose from two variants here: Write all letters capital; Write the first word of title and all the main words capitalized. You shouldnt capitalize the, a, like, prepositions and conjunctions. But if such word is going at the beginning of the title, it needs to be capitalized. Using italics. Usually, this format is used for emphasizing titles of some lager works. This rule is used not only for books but also for movies, magazines, newspapers, etc. Quotation marks. This punctuation is used for shorter works, like book chapters, titles, short articles, and poems. These marks are small, so its easy to remember they are going with small works. Underlining. The rules for italics can be used for underlining, too. But as we said before, this punctuation is used only for handwritten papers, so it is not so popular in current times. If you are creating an essay, its important to ask your teacher or professor how you need to make punctuation for book titles in an essay. We recommend clarifying all moments youre not sure about. Rules how to punctuate a book title in an essay You can be asked to apply MLA or APA format for the future paper. Here are the main recommendations with examples for both variants: Rules to apply for a short title. According to MLA format, you have to set quotation marks when you have to cite this paper as a reference. Use this rules to cite short stories or essay titles. Example: “The Tell-Tale Heart”. Use quotation marks to emphasize the poems title. Example: “She Walks in Beauty”. You need to use quotation marks for the title of commercial, song, or a movie. Example: “One wish”, “Fading Like a Flower”. If you are going to put a title of blog or unpublished paper, it also should be written with quotation marks. Example: “Meet My Great Car”. If you are required to write an essay in APA style, you have to use quotation marks with titles of short works. Example: “The Paradox of Behavior Change”. Long work title Titles of novels and long poems should be italicized. Example: The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. You have to use italics for titles of magazines, encyclopedias, and newspapers. Example: Medical Encyclopedia, The Times. If you need to cite a title of play, TV series, or a movie, it must be also italicized. Example: King Lear is the greatest play by Shakespeare. If youre using titles of art pieces, these elements must be italicized. Example: Irises is one of the paintings by Vincent van Gogh. We suggest asking the teacher about their preferences for italics/underlying right before you start formatting the paper, so you wont get involved into correcting errors. Dont forget that underlining has the same rules as italics, so you can apply all rules above to make correct punctuation for a book title. Rules of capitalizing. According to the MLA style rules, first and last words of the title must be capitalized. This format does not require using all capital letters. Example: A novel “To kill a Mockingbird” is a bestseller by Harper Lee. APA style has different requirements, and only the first word of the title must be capitalized. Example: “Night walking” by Matthew Beaumont brings you to the Londons life. Both APA and MLA formats do not require capitalizing articles and prepositions in the title. Example: “The Sea and Civilization” is a great history book written by Lincoln Paine. For both MLA and APA, you need to capitalize names of persons and historical places and events in titles. Example: Robert Tombs provided us with a history of England in his book “The English and Their History”. When capitalizing long titles (more than 5 words), you have to make only first and last words capitalized. If you are in doubt how to correctly punctuate a book title, we suggest finding a title online and check out how the author made it. In any case, its better to do more capitalization. We hope that after reading this article you clearly understand how do you punctuate a book title in an essay. Wish you good luck in writing a wonderful paper!

Empowering Our Clients Should Be The Main Focus - 877 Words

Empowering our clients should be the main focus, although providing clients with resources and helping with their immediate issues are important empowerment reins all. The clients that social workers will encounter will be some of the most disempowered people. Adversity will allow people to feel powerless and will ruin people’s self-esteem. The feeling of being powerless will make clients to become hopeless as a social worker it is our job to reassure and help the client realize their strengths and power. Defining actions and being aware of reactions is very important when feeling powerless. Understanding the choices an individual makes and a how to redefine actions will encourage the client to feel empowered. In my practice I would encourage my clients to know that they have power to control every action they commit and they have the power to react how they chose. If they react positively then the outcome will also be positive. Helping to make better decisions and reactions w ill help them to feel like they have power over situations and will encourage them to continue to redefine their problems and turn them into positive situations. Political awareness also will promote a better feeling of being empowered. The feeling of fighting for what the client believes in is great. Although as social workers we are advocates for our clients, helping our clients to advocate for themselves is when a social worker completely achieves helping the client. Another part of beingShow MoreRelatedPest Analysis : Covers Potential External Factors1553 Words   |  7 PagesCompetition regulation Optimal list of Goals Our ultimate motive with the public relations campaign is to build more awareness for theorganization. Generating more awareness will help compel more recent immigrants to try the programs and services that are provided by Focus for Ethnic Women. We feel that this is an important step that will enhance the organization’s relationships with the actors and givethem more recognition in the community. One of FEW’s main goals is to facilitate the integration ofRead MoreFeedback Informed Treatment ( Fit )948 Words   |  4 Pagesis that it is a tool used to measure the therapeutic alliance between the client and social worker. One may ask, how this can be measured. The answer is quite simple†¦ feedback. Scot Miller claims â€Å"feedback has become a bit of a buzzword in mental health.† Feedback Informed Treatment (FIT) is a pan-theoretical approach that allows researchers to view/measure the therapeutic alliance between practitioners and their clients. Research informs us that those practitioners often rely on their own perspectiveRead MoreNebraska Methodist Health System ( Nmhs )1561 Words   |  7 PagesHealth System strives to deliver the same quality that Blanche Fuller did then. The leadership team Mr. Fraser is a part of believes that setting the bar ever higher on quality care, customer service and requiring continuous performance improvement should be deeply ingrained to the culture of the Methodist Health System. All employees are held to the values of the health systems core values, which includes: cultural competence, being patient centered, respect, excellence, teamwork and community serviceRead MoreA Summary On Lotus Airline Foundation Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pagesorganizations that impart our vision our altruistic aim, Lotus airline Foundation. Objectives †¢ To be made as the main ease transport in the Asian district. †¢ To provide a minimal effort air transport bearer that offers five-star administration with 95% of on-time execution. †¢ To have the capacity to give moderate airfares, in the meantime advancing Malaysian neighbourliness and the neighbourhood sustenance. †¢ To concentrate on client’s requirements by empowering request and offers that leastRead MoreThe Cultural Values Of This Group Revolve Around The Islamic Religion903 Words   |  4 Pagesthis, and it may be appropriate for counselors to consider their prayer times. The third pillar is charity. The fourth is fasting from food, water, and pleasures during daylight hours of Ramadan. Ramadan is a month long holy month, and counselors should consider how fasting from food and water can impact the day-to-day life of a Muslim, with mood being one obvious factor. There are also restrictions placed upon eating pork and consuming alcohol year-round (Ali, Liu, Humedian, 2004). Finally, theRead MoreEffective Ethics and Ethical Behavior1468 Words   |  6 PagesM. Melton, ABC Toy Co. CEO FROM: Carol Harris, Elementary Division Manager, ABC Toy Co. DATE: 6/5/11 SUBJECT: Product quality issue and a report on ethical decision making. This memo addresses a product quality issue with a whistle included in our toy collection. I have included a report on the importance of ethical decision making and strategies the ABC Toy Co. could adopt to ensure that all members of ABC Toy Company make ethical decisions. This morning I received a memo from the managerRead MoreSports And Fitness Industry Association Essay1349 Words   |  6 Pages Using sport as a source of physical exercise will not only help your child’s physical health, but also help improve their mental health and social skills. Our Mission and Vision Statement: We make it our mission to serve your family’s needs as well as the needs of the community through various sport activities. We exist to support our community and create moments where passion and wonder come together. Bambini Program aims to inaugurate the concepts of good sportsmanship, integrity, loyaltyRead MoreConcepts of Health Promotion1466 Words   |  6 PagesHenderson). Optimal health is a lively, self-motivated equilibrium of physical, intellectual, spiritual, emotional, and social well-being. The concept of health promotion delineates the method of empowering people to increase control over, and to advance their own overall health. The main purpose of health promotion is to heighten people’s motivation to strive for optimal health, while assisting them in making lifestyle modifications that will help them advance their wellbeingRead MoreThe Father Of Person Centered Therapy And Humanistic Psychology1420 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough his analysis of the transcripts of his actual therapeutic sessions with clients and patients utilizing quantitative methods (Corey, G. (2013). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 10th Ed., p. 164-166). One of the main concepts of person-centered therapy and humanistic psychology is its emphasis on the personal characteristics and attitudes of the therapist and the importance of the therapist-client relationship in the outcomes of the therapeutic process. Rogers, also as a reactionRead MoreQuality Management Assessment Summary1679 Words   |  7 Pagesaddress problems in patients’ outcomes. The medical field tends to use quality management to focus on patient and staff safety, reducing medical errors, and avoiding or decreasing morbidity and mortality rates. In order to improve the quality of a facility requires the entire facility to be in consensus about what the definition of quality means, who is responsible for it, and how the employees in the facility should communicate with one another about any quality issues that may arise. Quality management

The Editing, Use Of Frame And Shot Sizes - 1368 Words

The editing, use of frame and shot sizes in this sequence clearly establish the idea that every part of the aesthetics in Geman Expressionist films are important. This movement of film borrows some conventions from the films of the United States at this time, they use continuity editing to establish a clearly defined narrative. Similarily, the camerawork is â€Å"typically functional rather than spectacular†. This continuity style of editing emphasises the importance of story in this sequence, first the audience is shown a murder followed by the subsequent reaction, the narrative is clear cut and establishes the intended horror, common in German Exprassionist films. The camera work coupled with the editing style in this sequence highlight the other elements of the sequence including set, actors and lighting as well as emphasising the horror of the narrative to ensure that the audience is drawn into the terryfying world of Dr. Calligari. The realative normality of the editing a nd camerawork is used to highlight the unreality of the other visuals thus each technique is coordinated creating what Rotho would term â€Å"studio constructivism and a sense of completeness† that was produced across German Expressionist films (Kracauer 194). However, camera and editing can be and is used in this case both naturally and unaturally to create more horror. During the murder, the camera remains still and at eye-level but the victim is placed at the bottom of the frame to make him appear small andShow MoreRelatedThe Crop Duster Sequence Of North By Northwest1390 Words   |  6 PagesIn This essay I will discuss the use of camera movements, framing and the editing devices in the crop-duster sequence of North by Northwest (Alfred Hitchcock, USA, 1959) By focusing on these three techniques I hope to establish what effect they have on us and how that effect is achieved? I will look closely and analyse certain shots in this sequence, which I feel are significant in c reating suspense. By dissecting the layers of each shot, I hope to reveal the technique and intentions behind themRead MoreCinematography and Lighting Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pagesof field indicates what is significant in the street shot outside the cigar stand, having the Tramp, policeman and stand owner in focus. As the Tramp is escorted to the paddy wagon several observers walk into the frame and into focus, enhancing the narrative. †¢ The composition of the shots in the paddy wagon refers to whom the significant characters are, in the way that the Tramp and the Gamin are positioned in the very foreground of the frame. †¢ The close face-to-face proximity between the twoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Rita Ha By Noah Baumbach1692 Words   |  7 Pagesdigitally, but to edit the film as monochromic. Sam Levy (director of photography) described this as a decision which added meloncholy and grittiness to what is a soft yet ironic story. New York and Paris are two locations where the majority of the fim is shot, so it adds an element of derision as both cities are widely known to be glamorous, full of life, and more importantly, full of colour. In this scene, the viewers are made to focus on Frances and Dan from the onset - and what they are portraying. TheRead MoreSequence Analysis of the Closing Scene of Sherlock Jr.866 Words   |  4 Pagesutilizes a variety of filming techniques. For example, in one scene Buster uses continuity editing, a major technique Buster uses throughout his movie, to create position match, in which Sherlock walks directly into the big screen and becomes a part of that movie. Next a chain of scenes positions the actor in a series of unrelated scenarios yet which appears seamlessly connected. In the concluding scene of Sherlock Jr., a medium shot of the actor swimming in his dream dissolves back to the projectionRead MoreThe Evolution of Film-Making Technology1417 Words   |  6 Pagesbeginning. However these cameras had some inconveniences. The cinematographer would have to set the lighting and frame to the directors vision and make sure that it was right. He could not see immediately if the scene was shot as desired and this caused the workflow to be very complex and time consuming which most producers would see limited. The developing, processing, transferring, editing and conforming the film normally took a day and the director along with the cinematographer would sit down forRead MoreFilmmaking Is An Art, It s Way Of Expressing Something1059 Words   |  5 PagesThrough out this student inquiry project i’ve decided to do something based on filmmaking, Filmmaking is an art, it’s way of expressing something. Film editing is partially defined ass creativ e post production process of filmmaking. In this era, film has made a huge impact on digital technology to be able to use different types of technology to edit. The editors are usually given a bunch of videos usually called ‘raw’ footage their goal is to create a combined timeline of videos creating the storyRead MoreMaking A Video Cut Smooth4029 Words   |  17 Pagesconscious of the video editing. The level of understanding of audience differs between continuity and discontinuity video editing. As the mismatch in video condition is just as big towards both continuity and discontinuity video editing. May be some level of video cuts may lead audience proper focus on video cuts. 4 important points are there to avoid audience focus from the video cut. 1. (In-attentional Blindness) - Focal point attention on a section of the video shot that doesn’t amend. 2Read MoreTv Final Essay2686 Words   |  11 Pagesshoot Production: Time of shooting Post-: Editing 4. Application of pre-, production, post- Pre-: Costuming, research, hiring actors, etc. Production: Shooting video for the production Post-: Editing (including music editing). ADR (automatic dialogue replacement). 5. Linear vs. nonlinear editing Linear editing is a tape based system while nonlinear editing is a computer based editing system. 6. Time in television In normal television there are 30 frames per second of video. It is written inRead MoreWizard Of Oz Analysis Essay1079 Words   |  5 Pageswitch as her journey in Oz begins. Shot 1: Wide shot. View behind Dorothy in black and white. Dorothy opens the door to the color world of Oz. She steps out into Oz and stops. Straight on shot, camera moves into Oz first through the door, followed by Dorothy appearing again in the foreground. Light symphonies playing magical music, birds are singing in the background. Shot 2: Close up. Dorothy views Oz and looks around, hugs Toto, walks out of shot. Angle straight on; no camera movementRead More How to Take Professional Quality Pictures with a Digital SLR Camera1589 Words   |  7 Pageswould be spent editing with photo-editing software to improve the quality of the photos. Why would one want to switch from a point-and-shoot digital camera to a digital SLR camera? Some of the reasons are: a more accurate viewfinder, a more powerful sensor, less noise in the photos, depth-of-field control, speed, similarity to a regular SLR camera, more lens flexibility, and freedom from image editors (Rowse). Some disadvantages are: expense, size and weight, and complication of use. What

Jesus Camp Free Essays

â€Å"Jesus Camp† A growing number of Evangelical Christians believe there is a revival underway in America that requires Christian youth to assume leadership roles in advocating the causes of their religious movement. â€Å"Jesus Camp† follows three home-schooled Missouri kids—12-year-old mullet-haired Levi, who was saved at 5; 10-year-old soldier’s daughter Tory, who loves dancing to Christian heavy metal; and 9-year-old Rachael, who breathlessly approaches strangers to talk about Christ—to Pastor Becky Fischer’s â€Å"Kids on Fire† summer camp in Devil’s Lake, North Dakota. At this camp, kids as young as six years old are taught to become dedicated Christian soldiers in â€Å"God’s army. We will write a custom essay sample on Jesus Camp or any similar topic only for you Order Now † The film follows these children at camp as they hone their â€Å"prophetic gifts† and are taught how to â€Å"take back America for Christ. † Wielding everything from PowerPoint to plush toys to illustrate the wages of sin, the impassioned Fischer has a clear-eyed view of children as malleable material, ripe for the inculcating. When they are not speaking in tongues, pledging allegiance to the Christian flag, or blessing a cardboard cutout of George W. Bush, the kids rally round to hear Fischer and others entreat them to â€Å"join the war,† â€Å"fix the sick world,† and fight abortion. The film looks into an intense training ground that recruits born-again Christian children to become an active part of America’s political future. The fundamentalist revival is a concept that can be associated with â€Å"Jesus Camp. † While many of the large, mainline churches have lost members, other churches (such as the Evangelical Christian churches) have gained members. Contrary to mainline Protestants, Evangelical Christians emphasize a literal interpretation of the Bible. They also stress emotional demonstrativeness rather than quiet, inward devotion at church services (Thio, 2007, pp. 354). For instance, the kids who attended â€Å"Kids on Fire† summer camp spoke in tongues, pledged allegiance to the Christian flag, and blessed a cardboard cutout of George W. Bush instead of quietly praying during church services. Bibliography Thio, Alex. 2007. Society Myths and Realities; An Introduction to Sociology. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. How to cite Jesus Camp, Papers

What is Reality free essay sample

I have always believed that reality was something everyone in the world shares. In Platos The Allegory of the Cave, Socrates presents an opposing view, arguing that reality is something different for each and every individual based on his or her own knowledge and interpretations of the world. We will write a custom essay sample on What is Reality? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His idea is unique because it suggests that one individual born into a certain culture is likely to adopt a view of reality based on what is being taught in that culture while an individual born into a completely different culture will have a view of reality based on that specific culture. This means that reality is not something we can define objectively, but instead something subjective that individuals must define for themselves based on their own knowledge. As the story opens, Socrates uses the setting to help us understand his view that reality is something individually different for everyone based on his or her own knowledge and interpretation of the world. The story starts out set in a cave where prisoners have been kept since birth. Theyve been bound to the floor and are unable to see behind or to the sides of themselves; they can only see to the front. Behind the prisoners there is a fire with a partial wall behind it. Behind the wall, and out of the sight of the prisoners is another group of people. This group of holds statues up above the wall so that the prisoners can see shadows casted from them on the wall. Since the prisoners have lived in the cave their whole lives and know nothing of the outside world, what they see as shadows they presume to be the real things. They even think up different names for the objects they see, as indicated from the story. This opening scene introduces the reader to ideas that are essential to u nderstanding what Socrates is saying. We know that the objects in the shadows the prisoners are seeing are not the real objects themselves, but mere imitations. Since the prisoners know nothing of the outside world, they presume the shadows are the real things. Socrates tells us that the shadows would actually become the truth in the prisoners realities. In the next part of the story, Socrates explores his idea that reality is something different for each individual based on his or her own knowledge and interpretation of the world even more. In this part, a prisoner is released from the cave. At first, he is over whelmed by everything he sees around him. It takes him time to grow accustomed to it all. Then, he realizes he is in a world full of new, enlightening experiences and begins to pity the others down in the cave. What Socrates is trying to say by including this part in the story is that the prisoner once had his own accepted reality. While he was living in the cave, he accepted everything he saw as reality because he knew nothing of the world outside the cave. When he finally left the cave, he realized that his reality was not actually the truth. This is a brilliant metaphor used by Socrates to show us that reality is something different for each individual based on his or her own knowledge and interpretation of the world. To an individual in todays society, their reality is based on their culture and knowledge. For example, someone born in a country such as Iran is very likely to speak a different language, have a different religion, and have other unique things from their culture define their reality than someone born in a European country such as England. The person born in England will most likely have completely different views than the Iranian, but their views will define their reality the same way. Just like the prisoners in the cave having their own set reality based on what they see in the cave, people living on the outside of the cave have a completely different reality based on their lives in the world above it.

Homosexual Adoption essays

Homosexual Adoption essays There has been a dramatic increase in the number of homosexual couples looking to adopt children recently. Even though there is this increase, there have been many obstacles for them to adopt. Such obstacles are biased adoption agencies and certain laws restricting them from adopting; for example only some states allow homosexuals to adopt. As a result of these barriers, they have been looking for other ways to have children. From domestic adoption agencies to independent adoptions to international adoptions to just public adoptions, homosexuals have a variety of ways of adopting, but they are treated very differently from heterosexuals. Even though they are all humans and see and breathe the same way, homosexuals are badly treated just because they chose to live a different life style. Why can ¡t homosexuals have the ease in adopting just like heterosexuals do? Gay couples must prove they have adequate finances, good health, emotional stability, proper motivation and parenting skills. These are excellent qualifications that should be checked when a couple wants to adopt. The problem is, many couples are getting away with not meeting all of these qualifications because they are heterosexual (Galluccio, 54) The American Civil Liberties Union estimated that one hundred thousand out of the five hundred thousand children in foster care are awaiting adoption. There were qualified adoptive parents for only twenty percent of these children in 1997. In 1996, only one out of every five available children was adopted. If states such as Mississippi, Utah, Florida, and New Hampshire did not ban homosexuals from adopting, many of the children stuck in foster care would have parents and homes. Many lesbians and gay couples used to hide their sexual preferences because of the homophobia in the child-welfare system. Now many same-sex couples seeking to become foster or adoptive parents do not want to pretend they are merely roo...

Advice on how to be your own career coach

Advice on how to be your own career coach If you feel frustrated by a lack of progress in your career, you might consider using the services of a professional career coach. A good career coach helps clients take inventory of where they are, work-wise, and where they want to be (and how they want to get there). Many jobseekers find this kind of support invaluable when they are looking to make major professional changes but, especially for people who might be out of work, the cost of a career coach might be prohibitive. Don’t fret. You can be your own career coach, and take steps toward reaching your goals that won’t cost you a dime. We collected advice that will help you set goals and reach for them, with only minimal cost involved. Zero in on your goalsThe first step is to identify where you want to be heading in your career. Perhaps you are making plans for how to take your seat in the C-suite one day. Or, you may be looking to move out of one profession and into another.While different, these two scenarios ha ve one thing in common: planning. Whether you are plotting how you’ll get that big promotion, or are planning a lateral move into another industry, you’ll need to assess which critical skills you possess, and which you’ll need to cultivate to be successful. To ascertain this, you’ll need to study up.Look at LinkedIn; in particular, the profiles of people who have the job you want. What skills and experience do they list that you are lacking? Next, look at job ads for positions that interest you. What are the skills and experience most commonly being listed for those roles? How can you meet those requirements?In some instances, gathering valuable skills is fairly easy; in others, you may need to play the long game and go back to school. In either scenario, knowing what employers are looking for and figuring out how to acquire those skills is critical. Set your goals and a timeline to achieve them.Keep a journalExperts agree that journaling can help jobseek ers stay on track when they’re acting as their own career coach. It can also help you see where you are (on a day-to-day basis with goal achievement) and how much traction you’ve made on your journey. â€Å"Journaling helps create an outlet,† said Executive Therapeutic Life Coach Lisa Pepper-Satkin. â€Å"It also allows you to process through questions you may discover in your job search.†Buy a journal or keep an online diary. Use it daily, weekly, or monthly to keep yourself on track. Without a coach helping you track progress, writing down your thoughts and feelings can be a valuable tool. Not only is your journal the place for writing down your goals, the steps to achieve them, and a timeline for achieving them, but during times of frustration, a journal can help you track how far you’ve come. This can be very helpful when you are tempted to throw in the towel, or, if you have doubts about just how much you’ve achieved.Create accountabili tyCareer coaches have tricks for keeping their clients motivated. But how can you keep yourself inspired? Pepper-Satkin suggests that asking a friend for support can help. Your goals don’t need to be the same as your friend’s goal for this to work – you just both must be dedicated to making a big change. â€Å"Ask a friend to play big,† Pepper-Satkin said. â€Å"Regardless of what you are each working on, this will allow you to share in one another’s visions.†While support is a huge element, it’s really the accountability that will help propel you forward.â€Å"Commit to not buying each other’s excuses,† she said. Set deadlines for yourselves and stick with them. Meet regularly, either in person or by phone to compare notes, check items off your list, and create new action items to be accomplished before your next meeting.Don’t have a friend who is looking to make a big change? Search online for websites that offe r tips on personal growth and professional development, or join an online coaching group, which will be more affordable than a private coach. â€Å"We’ve never seen as many [career coaching] programs online as we currently see. So, it’s easy to have access to affordable coaching in a group online,† Pepper-Satkin said.Give your resume a faceliftAs you learn new skills, gather new experiences, or acquire new education, certification, or licensing, be sure that your resume reflects those achievements. Keeping an up-to-date resume will ensure that you are prepared for any new experiences that might come your way during this process.Plus, since your resume is often your first introduction to a recruiter, looks count. An entry-level resume will look different than an executive resume in many cases, so be sure your document reflects the image you are hoping to convey. Take into account both your industry and your stature within the industry when choosing a resume forma t.To make sure you hit the mark, consider putting a resume builder to use. Builders can provide resumes with both the look and the language needed to convey particular messages to potential employers.Ask for feedbackIf you’re working to hone a new skill, figure out your next career move, or make a major professional change, know that feedback is an utterly critical element. So, how can you get feedback without a career coach? The answer is right at your fingertips, according to Pepper-Satkin.â€Å"Social media can be a valuable,† she said. Ask questions of your professional contacts either online or by arranging informational coffee dates with people whose advice you think will be valuable.â€Å"Take risks with people by asking for honest feedback on what your next steps should be,† she said.When it comes to feedback, asking for it from professionals whose work you admire might help you identify a mentor who could be willing to provide some free coaching.Donâ₠¬â„¢t be afraid to adjust your goalsLife is tricky, and its roads can be windy. This mean that you may find in this process that you are working towards a goal that doesn’t feel quite right. This isn’t a failure; it’s actually part of the beauty of becoming your own career coach. The introspection it demands to set a goal and work towards it is invaluable. You’ll learn both what works for you and what doesn’t work.As you learn more about yourself and become more deliberate about the actions you’re taking, you may find yourself changing course slightly. That’s okay; it’s part of the point of these exercises. The goal is to move towards a role or a profession that feels personally satisfying to you. You may need to change your approach – or your end goal – during the course of your exploration to land in a place that feels right for you.Author Bio:LiveCareer offers assistance to jobseekers at every step of the journ ey. Access free resume templates and resume examples, plus a cover letter builder and advice on how to answer interview questions of all stripes.

Kitchen Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Kitchen Design - Essay Example These being the changing Role of Women, Domestic Science, Industrialization, Food Safety and Health Determinants (Moody and Vineyard, 476). From these probably the two most important factors were the changing role of women in society and industrialization. Industrialization bought kitchen appliances in homes with microwaves ovens becoming the most popular appliance that later even replaced the traditional stoves in certain homes.The changing role of women is another factor worth discussing. With health issues being raised after the advent of the industrial revolution and people realizing the importance of kitchen for food safety, servants were being replaced by women in the kitchen. The abolition of slavery further limited domestic help in the kitchen. However, industrial appliances became the new servants for these women. While women accepted the kitchen, they were also exploring the corporate world and thus they began a dual life where they began managing both the kitchens and thei r jobs.Evolution of Kitchen DesignIn the early times, kitchens were very different from what we have today. The advent of the industrial revolution greatly changed the landscape of the traditional kitchens as modern kitchens were fitted with the industrial appliances and also had water fittings. At the turn of the twentieth century, kitchens came fitted with iron stoves, sewers and gas pipes. But industrialization in the twentieth century brought bigger changes in the original design of the kitchens.

CJUS 350-DB4 Replies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CJUS 350-DB4 Replies - Essay Example Additionally, you should note the significance of written code in enhancing orderliness and professionalism within the security sector. Overall, the essay is good as it highlights the essence of prioritizing safety and security by all officers irrespective of their ranks. You are quite right in your statement that the nine norms ought to apply to everybody in the sense that the law is meant to protect everyone through collective responsibility. Indeed, the unwritten code of behavior is evident in every officer at least going by the way that the officers take care of each other in terms of security. This is done through personal initiative and therefore, it should not be enforced when it already works even without legal intervention. Concerning ‘The Timing Stinks’ story, it is important to mention that you have rightly stated the officer deserved professional treatment despite his alleged misconduct. Moral obligation dictates that any unbecoming behavior including drunkenness during working hours ought to be approached carefully depending on rank and integrity of the

Effect of Media Bias in Arab World on Palestinian Community

Effect of Media Bias in Arab World on Palestinian Community Research Proposal Ghaida Ayesh Proposed Research Topic: The Effect of Biased Media in the Arab World on the Palestinian Community. Research Question: Why Palestinians believe media even though there are different sources with different opinions on the same topic? Introduction and Purposes: In September of 2013, there were billboards around Bethlehem city attracted my attention saying â€Å"Did you know a 3rd tower fell on 9/11?† and this sentence followed by a website to be checked if someone interested of getting more details, it was www.rethink911.org, I checked the website. It was all about introducing facts about what happened in the 11th September, 2001. And there was a documentary video which presented by agroup of Architects Engineers who try to unveil the truth behind the fell of the World Trade Center Twin Towers on that day, and the surprising thing that there was a third building fell on that day called the World Trade Center Building 7 that didn’t hit by plan and collapsed in free fall 7 hours after the twin towers collapsed, I didn’t remember that on that day I heard about the existence of a third building and no news mentioned a story about the third building. I wondered how could media hide such a thing, why did they do that especia lly the U.S media, who could control all the main media networks around the word for not reporting about the third tower, and why did the audience believe them? While reading several articles about the issue trying to explore some facts, I realised that media coverage followed accusations by government authorities that pointed toward Al Qaeda as the group that carried out the attack on the United States and Osama bin Laden as leader of that group. Those news reports on the attack and the aftermath shaped public  opinion to support the war on terrorism.Other ways to influence public opinion include political advertising.Subsequently I realised that media plays the role of the invisible hand in this universe and controls the audiences’ minds in a strange way, so what makes media’s audiences believe what they hear or see? Therefore, I plan to conduct a research about the media impact in the Arab world, and my purpose of this research is to see how the news reporting now adays by affect people’s opinion toward what’s going on in the Arab world. And how the biased media can control people’s political thinking? It will also aim to tackle issues such as is media report or create news? Moreover who are the parties that control media in the Arab world? Background and Methods: In order to get data for my research, first I will read articles and researched conducted to a related topics, and will conduct a survey that target under graduate university students in Bethlehem University, also a group of people who used to set in Cafà ©s and watch, read and listen to news, so this will enable me to gather relevant information, ultimately giving me the necessary tools to be able to compare people’s perspectives about today’s media, besides what is their relevance source of media, how their believe in media changed in the last years? Also to see if they make sure about the news they read before sharing it with other people in social networks. Further, I will prepare for a focus group of university students with different political views about what’s going on in the Middle East, and during this focus group I will introduce different resources of media with different opinion specifically about the Syrian revolution because I have noticed that th ere are many conflicted opinions in the Palestinian community about it and cannot find group of people have the same political analysis about what’s going on there in Syria, and during the discussions that will arise I will observe how this group of people going to react and comment about the differences in media and opinions. I choose surveys because using this tool will make me able to collect different opinions about media, and the creating of focus group is efficient to see immediate reaction and different opinions about media and this will give me information about what is the source of news that people prefer and trust, and how people evaluate the reliability of the reported news? I think about targeting university students and people who usually set in cafà ©s to watch news when distributing the surveys and creating the focus group; because these types of groups gathers people with different values and believes in one spot. And this will make the data I gather more efficient. Literature Review Watching news, reading newspaper or magazine, or listening to a radio station are one of the main activities in every day’s life. And these media become part of culture. While reading about the media effect and impact on people’s opinion and beliefs I found that there are three main sociological perspectives on the role of media, the first called the Limited-effects theory (1940s-1950s) this theory supports the assumption that people has the control of their own choices and choose what to watch, what believe and what to not; so the studies of the media influence showed that well- informed people relied more on personal experience, prior knowledge and their own reasoning unlike those who are less- informed ones. However for me there is a missing point in this theory that makes me disagree with it, the point is that when someone wants to get some knowledge about something he looks for information through media, if not through media, he will ask other people for informatio n and for sure these people didn’t get this knowledge from nothing, they got it for example, from books, magazines, TV or internet which all considered as media. And another important thing is that this theory was created when the existence, availability and dominance of media was far less widespread which make it out dated (Entman 1994). The second theory is Class-dominant theory this theory follow the postulation that media is owned by a minority elite who controls it, and this elite group is cooperating with each other as a result, they can control what people see or hear, in addition because the main source of income for media is advertising, when a big company that finance large advertising campaigns in media do something unethical this media protect the image of this company because it is not for her benefit to harm the image of the company because this will make the media lose a big source of income (Mills 1956). The third and final theory called Culturalist theory (19 80s-1990s), this theory combined the other two theories and it believes that people interact with media in a way so they create their own meanings out of the images and messages received form media, moreover this theory has two standpoints, the first is how audiences interact with media, and the other standpoint focuses on the producers of media. For the first standpoint because people choose what to watch, how much to watch and may choose to not watch; studies done by sociologists and linguists found that audiences interpretation of what they choose to watch is based on their own knowledge and experience. Therefore, culturalist theorists claim that, while a few elite in large corporations may exert significant control over what information media produces and distributes, personal perspective plays a more powerful role in how the audience members interpret those messages. (The Role and Influence of Mass Media 2013). Several reports and studies showed that the media can influence the audiences’ political view, and voting decision, for instance a study conducted in one of NBER working paper series, the study took the introduction of Fox News into a cable market as a case to analyze its news reporting impact on the federal election, they collected data for 28 states in the United States of America. After that they compared the change in the Republican vote share between 1996 and 2000 for the towns that had adopted Fox News by 2000 with those that had not. And the result showed that Fox News had a significant impact on the 2000 elections. The entry of Fox News increased the Republican vote share in presidential elections by 0.4 to 0.7 percentage points, depending on the specification. Since Fox News in 2000 was available in about 35 percent of households, the impact of Fox News on the two-party vote share in 2000 is estimated to be 0.15 to 0.2 percentage points, 200,000 votes nation-wide. (De llaVigna and Kaplan 2006). Another study find that Fox News watchers were 50 percent more likely that viewers of other networks to believe (erroneously) that weapons of mass destruction were found in Iraq. (Steven, Ramsay and Lewis 2003). These statistics raised in my mind why did people believe median in such a case? Is it because it represents their inner affiliation? Or because the way it is presented is coming straight to the point that interest them? Or is it all about the credibility that a channel may be having? These are another minor questions of what I am looking for, and may lead me to study the case through some focus groups with different affiliation. In addition other studies found that over 70 percent of Americans believe that there is a great deal or a fair amount of media bias in news coverage (Pew 2004). Evidence of bias ranges from the topic choice of the New York Times (Puglisi 2006) to the choice of think-tanks that the media refer to (Groseclose and Milyo 2005). Media bias was even more prevalent in the late 19th and early 20th century (Gentzkow 2006). There is another theory addressed by Dr. Max McCombs and Dr. Donald Shaw, which is Agenda- Setting Theory it describes the powerful influence of media by telling what issues are important, they came out with this theory by studying the influence of media on the 1968 presidential election, the study titled 1968 Chapel HillStudy, the conclusion of this study is that the mass media exerted a significant influence on what voters considered to be the major issues of the campaign. (McCombs and Shaw 1972). Biased Media: The media is biased whenever it provides fake images or out of context facts to support a certain viewpoint. The media is also biased whenever it â€Å"framing† issues of eventer on a certain way to fake the facts. Many scholars argue that framing can actually decide how we view a situation. (Kuypers 2002). A biased media affects the publics understanding of current events and issues without giving the public all the facts. Opinions based on biased information are not usually the same as opinions based on neutral information. So for the public to make informed decisions on issues and politics, they must be given neutral information. (Kelly and Pax 2004) As shown, media has powerful impact on people’s beliefs, and is controlled by group of people, furthermore there is agreement about the existence of biased media, and most of studies are conducted in western areas. That is why the current research study will be aimed to find out why people in the Arab world, from Palestine, in Bethlehem believe what media reports. Limitation: Unfortunately I will not be able to collect audience’s interaction with the reported news about what’s going on in the Arab world specially about what so called the Arab’s Spring because I have no access to audiences from other countries. In addition I can’t get statistics about what are the news media people in the Arab world watch, read or listen. As a result I am limited to Bethlehem University undergraduate students only. Because of that, I will be restricted to only normal audiences in the Palestinian community. In addition, there is no available technology for media that give statistics about what people watch on TV. And what are the main news TV channels they watch such as Nielsen technology. Bibliography DellaVigna, Stefano, and Ethan Kaplan. 2006. The FOX News Effect: Media Bias and Voting. NBER Working Paper, Cambridge, MA: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH. Entman, Robert M. 1994. Reopening the Black Box: Toward a Limited Effects Theory. Political Communication 11 (3): 313 314. Gentzkow, Matthew. 2006. Television and Voter Turnout. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 931-972. Groseclose, Tim, and Jeffrey Milyo. 2005. A Measure of Media Bias. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 1191-1237. Kelly, and Pax. 2004. Think on Journalism. July 1. Accessed January 27, 2014. http://www.jour.unr.edu/think/bias.html. Kuypers, Jim A. 2002. Press Bias and Politics: How the Media Frame Conoversial Issues. London: Praeger. McCombs, Maxwell E., and Donald L. Shaw. 1972. The Agenda-Setting Function of Mass Media. The Public Opinion Quarterly (American Association for Public Opinion Research) 36 (2): 176-187. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2747787. Mills, C. Wright. 1956. The Power Elite. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2004. NEWS AUDIENCES INCREASINGLY POLITICIZED. Study, Washington, D.C.: PEW RESEARCH CENTER FOR THE PEOPLE AND THE PRESS. Puglisi, Riccardo. 2006. BEING THE NEW YORK TIMES: THE POLITICAL BEHAVIOUR OF A NEWSPAPER. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/. April. Accessed January 26, 2014. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/19292/1/Being_the_new_york_times.pdf. Steven, Kull, Clay Ramsay, and Evan Lewis. 2003. Misperceptions, The Media, And The Iraq. Political Science Quarterly 118: 569-598. 2013. The Role and Influence of Mass Media. CliffNotes. May 7. Accessed January 27, 2014. http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/sociology/contemporary-mass-media/the-role-and-influence-of-mass-media.

Deception Point Page 36

â€Å"Jesus Christ!† Norah shook the device and looked again. â€Å"Damn it! Something's got to be wrong with this refractometer!† â€Å"Saltwater?† Corky gloated. Norah frowned. â€Å"Partial. It's registering three percent brine-which is totally impossible. This glacier is a snow pack. Pure freshwater. There should be no salt.† Norah carried the sample to a nearby microscope and examined it. She groaned. â€Å"Plankton?† Tolland asked. â€Å"G. polyhedra,† she replied, her voice now sedate. â€Å"It's one of the planktons we glaciologists commonly see in the oceans under ice shelves.† She glanced over at Tolland. â€Å"They're dead now. Obviously they didn't survive long in a three percent saltwater environment.† The four of them stood in silence a moment beside the deep shaft. Rachel wondered what the ramifications of this paradox were for the overall discovery. The dilemma appeared minor when compared to the overall scope of the meteorite, and yet, as an intel analyst, Rachel had witnessed the collapse of entire theories based on smaller snags than this. â€Å"What's going on over here?† The voice was a low rumble. Everyone looked up. The bearish frame of the NASA administrator emerged from the dark. â€Å"Minor quandary with the water in the shaft,† Tolland said. â€Å"We're trying to sort it out.† Corky sounded almost gleeful. â€Å"Norah's ice data is screwed.† â€Å"Bite me twice,† Norah whispered. The administrator approached, his furry eyebrows lowering. â€Å"What's wrong with the ice data.† Tolland heaved an uncertain sigh. â€Å"We're showing a three percent saltwater mix in the meteorite shaft, which contradicts the glaciology report that the meteorite was encased in a pristine freshwater glacier.† He paused. â€Å"There's also plankton present.† Ekstrom looked almost angry. â€Å"Obviously that's impossible. There are no fissures in this glacier. The PODS scans confirmed that. This meteorite was sealed in a solid matrix of ice.† Rachel knew Ekstrom was correct. According to NASA's density scans, the ice sheet was rock solid. Hundreds of feet of frozen glacier on all sides of the meteorite. No cracks. And yet as Rachel imagined how density scans were taken, a strange thought occurred to her†¦ â€Å"In addition,† Ekstrom was saying, â€Å"Dr. Mangor's core samples confirmed the solidity of the glacier.† â€Å"Exactly!† Norah said, tossing the refractometer on a desk. â€Å"Double corroboration. No fault lines in the ice. Which leaves us no explanation whatsoever for the salt and plankton.† â€Å"Actually,† Rachel said, the boldness of her voice surprising even herself. â€Å"There is another possibility.† The brainstorm had hit her from the most unlikely of memories. Everyone was looking at her now, their skepticism obvious. Rachel smiled. â€Å"There's a perfectly sound rationale for the presence of salt and plankton.† She gave Tolland a wry look. â€Å"And frankly, Mike, I'm surprised it didn't occur to you.† 42 â€Å"Plankton frozen in the glacier?† Corky Marlinson sounded not at all sold on Rachel's explanation. â€Å"Not to rain on your parade, but usually when things freeze they die. These little buggers were flashing us, remember?† â€Å"Actually,† Tolland said, giving Rachel an impressed look, â€Å"she may have a point. There are a number of species that enter suspended animation when their environment requires it. I did an episode on that phenomenon once.† Rachel nodded. â€Å"You showed northern pike that got frozen in lakes and had to wait until the thaw to swim away. You also talked about micro-organisms called ‘waterbears' that became totally dehydrated in the desert, remained that way for decades, and then reinflated when rains returned.† Tolland chuckled. â€Å"So you really do watch my show?† Rachel gave a slightly embarrassed shrug. â€Å"What's your point, Ms. Sexton?† Norah demanded. â€Å"Her point,† Tolland said, â€Å"which should have dawned on me earlier, is that one of the species I mentioned on that program was a kind of plankton that gets frozen in the polar ice cap every winter, hibernates inside the ice, and then swims away every summer when the ice cap thins.† Tolland paused. â€Å"Granted the species I featured on the show was not the bioluminescent species we saw here, but maybe the same thing happened.† â€Å"Frozen plankton,† Rachel continued, excited to have Michael Tolland so enthusiastic about her idea, â€Å"could explain everything we're seeing here. At some point in the past, fissures could have opened in this glacier, filled with plankton-rich saltwater, and then refroze. What if there were frozen pockets of saltwater in this glacier? Frozen saltwater containing frozen plankton? Imagine if while you were raising the heated meteorite through the ice, it passed through a frozen saltwater pocket. The saltwater ice would have melted, releasing the plankton from hibernation, and giving us a small percentage of salt mixed in the freshwater.† â€Å"Oh, for the love of God!† Norah exclaimed with a hostile groan. â€Å"Suddenly everyone's a glaciologist!† Corky also looked skeptical. â€Å"But wouldn't PODS have spotted any brine ice pockets when it did its density scans? After all, brine ice and freshwater ice have different densities.† â€Å"Barely different,† Rachel said. â€Å"Four percent is a substantial difference,† Norah challenged. â€Å"Yes, in a lab,† Rachel replied. â€Å"But PODS takes its measurements from 120 miles up in space. Its computers were designed to differentiate between the obvious-ice and slush, granite and limestone.† She turned to the administrator. â€Å"Am I right to assume that when PODS measures densities from space, it probably lacks the resolution to distinguish brine ice from fresh ice?† The administrator nodded. â€Å"Correct. A four percent differential is below PODS's tolerance threshold. The satellite would see brine ice and fresh ice as identical.† Tolland now looked intrigued. â€Å"This would also explain the static water level in the shaft.† He looked at Norah. â€Å"You said the plankton species you saw in the extraction shaft was called-â€Å" â€Å"G. polyhedra, Norah declared. â€Å"And now you're wondering if G. polyhedra is capable of hibernating inside the ice? You'll be pleased to know the answer is yes. Absolutely. G. polyhedra is found in droves around ice shelves, it bioluminesces, and it can hibernate inside the ice. Any other questions?† Everyone exchanged looks. From Norah's tone, there was obviously some sort of â€Å"but†-and yet it seemed she had just confirmed Rachel's theory. â€Å"So,† Tolland ventured, â€Å"you're saying it's possible, right? This theory makes sense?† â€Å"Sure,† Norah said, â€Å"if you're totally retarded.† Rachel glared. â€Å"I beg your pardon?† Norah Mangor locked stares with Rachel. â€Å"I imagine in your business, a little bit of knowledge is a dangerous thing? Well, trust me when I tell you that the same holds true for glaciology.† Norah's eyes shifted now, looking at each of the four people around her. â€Å"Let me clarify this for everyone once and for all. The frozen brine pockets that Ms. Sexton has proposed do occur. They are what glaciologists call interstices. Interstices, however, form not as pockets of saltwater but rather as highly branched networks of brine ice whose tendrils are as wide as a human hair. That meteorite would have had to pass through one hell of a dense series of interstices to release enough saltwater to create a three percent mixture in a pool that deep.†

Characterization Essay Topics - Is it a Scam?

Characterization Essay Topics - Is it a Scam? There's a multitude of possible Odyssey essay topics. As you get set to submit the subject, you can evaluate each one of the topics and choose which will be better to compose an impressive essay on. It is among the most obvious essay topics you'd be requested to write. Thus, settle back and relax, you ought to be in a position to come up with an outstanding Odyssey essay topic after reading this. It's true, you would like to present your argument on exactly what this man is about, after all it's your essay. You would like your essay reader to understand this character like he or she's a friend. Reading the book to have a first hand understanding of the character is crucial to write a great paper. Learn more regarding the reasons to purchase essays from our company. Our expert custom essay writers possess the abilities and experience to confirm your information. The introduction gives a general summary of the character. You're absolutely free to find emergency essay help on all kinds of essays too. Looking through many of character analysis sample essays ought to help you develop your own writing style. The True Meaning of Characterization Essay Topics Using one of our topics can help you compose a high quality paper. Order is the secret when displaying the principal characteristics of a character. Professors have always been fond of this sort of writing as it proves the capacity to comprehend and analyze strong literary characters. Characterization is a method employed by means of an author to come up with a character. What to Do About Characterization Essay Topics Other than that, different kinds of techniques may be used to characterize in 1 story. Also, you need to consider suitable responses to other countries who don't take part in fair trading argumentative essay counter argument example. At length, you must write down the factors for choosing this character out of the other alternatives. In conclusion, since the characters are the main element, characterization techniques play a critical part in developing a better comprehension of a story. The Importance of Characterization Essay Topics The rural locations of every one of these books push towards a standard theme of escape. You'll also give their name and possibly some family background. These skills are really helpful in real life. Thus, let's examine a number of the Animal Farm topics you might discover interesting. The Foolproof Characterization Essay Topics Strategy Ultimately, Hamlet turns out to be an exceedingly existential character. To begin with, you've got to pick a character you want to write about. Obviously what you've got to do is to analyze the character. Obviously, the narrator's character at the start of the story wasn't pre cisely the same at the conclusion of it. The antagonist isn't always another character. When compared to other characters, a static character is apparently affected little by any experiences in a specific story and therefore remaining the same. Though multiple characters can be included in this kind of essay, it's usually done to compare two significant characters or to concentrate on no more than one character. It's not simple to compose believable and realistic characters. The effect of the narrative isnot tragic, even though the storyteller is bitterly defeated. A round character can likewise be defined as one whose personality has some level of duality. It's not simple to write about personality. Your character's personality is strongly associated with their background. Because writing imposes space-time limitations, we cannot craft a character that's as complicated as an actual individual, but we can surely try. In most instances, literary writers create characters that we are able to relate to certain individuals in actual life. Once more Bradbury manages to convey a good deal of emotions with just a few words. To begin with, you comprehend the character from their standpoint. However, the definition of race isn't very clear. This title provides the reader the feeling he is a generalization representing certain Muslim thought.

The Death Of Romeo And Juliet By William Shakespeare

Who is to Blame? Good Morning, members of the Jury. While it may be a popular belief that there has ‘never been a tale of more woe than that of Romeo and Juliet’, the facts are less subjective. Many say that love brings peace and affection, but when taken to the extreme, it can lead to tragedy and despair. This is shown evidently in the play Romeo and Juliet written by William Shakespeare. Arguably the most famous love story of all time, the play tells the tale of a boy and a girl from opposing families who meet and fall in love and after being married for 3 days, they choose to kill themselves, rather than live without each other. It is difficult to place the blame entirely on just one person for the death of Romeo and Juliet, because there were several aspects that played a part in their death and because their lives had been controlled, criticized, pressured and influenced by many people. However, the people who would be most influential in the death of the ‘star-cross’d lovers’ would without a doubt have to be the parents of Romeo and Juliet, Lord and Lady Capulet and Lord and Lady Montague. The first reason that the parents are to blame is because of the eternal feud between the Montagues and Capulets which prohibits the love of Romeo and Juliet and ultimately results in their unfortunate deaths. Secondly, Lord and Lady Capulet decided, pressurised and forcefully tried to get Juliet married to Paris, causing Juliet making rash decisions and eventually resulting in theirShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1660 Words   |  7 Pageslook romantic when portrayed as the conclusion to a love story, like in Romeo and Juliet, a masterpiece by the beloved William Shakespeare. Death itself is dramatic, but there is something more to beyond the gruesome or romantic aspects of death, particularly when it comes to suicide. The Death of Socrates manages to grip the viewer with its dramatic climax to death, yet saying somet hing more with it s imagery. The Death of Socrates effortlessly channels utter despair, and yet, unwavering defianceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1264 Words   |  6 Pagestheater-going public the most important dramatist in English literature, Shakespeare occupies a well-known position in the world of talented authors. His canon contains thirty-seven plays, written in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Additionally, throughout the years, they continue to sustain critical attention, with the majority of his works circling tragedies, one being Romeo and Juliet. William Shakespeare s Romeo and Juliet speaks to the timeless appeal of star-crossed lovers. Their loveRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Juliet and Her Romeo1250 Words   |  5 PagesThere is no story quite as well-known as that of Romeo and Juliet (2007) and its playwright, William Shakespeare. 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The most successful at this has been Baz Luhrmann with his star cast; and his use of the exact lines in the play makes hisRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis890 Words   |  4 PagesThe story of Romeo and Juliet written by William Shakespeare is by far one of the most profound romantic plays known to the world. Shakespeare has written many famous poets; plays having Romeo and Juliet his most famous and known pieces of literary art. William Shakespeare is a master in literary entertainment but an unknown man in history, but yet the most known English poet, actor, playwright and regarded as the greatest English writer in the worlds history. Each of S hakespeare’s works has a themeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1197 Words   |  5 Pagesforbidding it’s deadly, referring of course to the classic William Shakespeare play of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, set in Verona, Italy. The play examines two families, the Montauges and the Capulets caught in an ongoing battle of hate, however two of the children manage to find love. All is not fair in love and war, and this play examines some examples of how love and hate correlate to each other in this captivating tale of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†. It’s a feud so deep and long lasting it seems that nothingRead MoreEssay about Who Is Responsible for Romeos Death742 Words   |  3 PagesJanuary 2012 Who is Responsible for Romeo’s Death In the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare there is much debate about who is responsible for Romeo’s death. Romeo and Juliet is a play where two forbidden lovers get married in secret despite their families’ feud. After Tybalt, Juliet’s cousin, kills Mercutio, Romeo’s best friend, Romeo kills Tybalt and is banished from Verona with the promise of death upon return. Lord Capulet plans to force Juliet to marry a man named Paris, but she runsRead Moreâ€Å"To Be, Or Not To Be: That Is The Question:† (Shakespeare,935 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"To be, or not to be: that is the question:† (Shakespeare, Hamlet 3.1.56). This is a famous quote from William Shakespeare’s famous play Hamlet. However, what inspired Shakespeare to write such a play? What inspired Shakespeare to create any of his famous works? These questions can only be answered by looking into Shakespeare’s life and the events that came to pass when he wrote his plays. Therefore William Shakespeare wrote many of his plays derived from inspiration that came from events in hisRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Research Paper970 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare shows that young love is deceptive. Shakespeare does this by noting how Romeo and Juliet do not actually love each other. This is represented by Romeo and Juliets actions and rash decision making. Their decisions are very impulsive and rushed. As a result, it impacted them negatively in the future and as well as their relationship. Romeo and Juliet’s love for each other is not actually how love really is. They’ve mistakenly confused lust for loveRead MoreFriar Laurence’s Role in The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare627 Words   |  3 Pages William Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, tells of two lovers who sacrifice their life for each other throughout their family’s feud. Throughout the play, Shakespeare utilizes the Nurse and Friar Laurence to offer guidance to Romeo and Juliet. The Friar, in particular, is considered â€Å"a holy man† because he is a monk and is particularly thought of for his noble counsel (5.3.269). In The Tragedy of Romeo an d Juliet, Friar Laurence’s advice and plans were designed to bring the

Rap Music And Its Influence On Hip Hop Music - 1885 Words

The 1980s is known for wearing tie-dye, the start of global warming, and classic movies like the Goonies. But also developed throughout this decade was one of the most influential and popular music genres for many years to come: hip-hop. Hip-hop, or â€Å"rap† music, is a form of RB, with rhythmic lyrics over stronger, faster, and bass booming beats. Like rock and roll, hip-hop music was born and established throughout the African-American culture. While white fans and supporters were not completely out of sight, hip-hop music aimed to attract the black culture early on. It wasn’t until the Beastie Boys that rap music was being delivered by a white group of men. Since the mid-1980s, rap music has been widely spread out to people of all ages, genders, backgrounds, and social groups. Hip-hop music has always been a popular form of debate because of its more than popular topic choices: drugs, women, and violence. Throughout the growth of hip-hop music, the growth of those against the content has also risen. While supporters argue that it is a voice for a voiceless, and a way to connect people of all types, some argue that the lyrics are too aggressive, and promote listeners to act in violent ways. Today, in 2015, hip-hop music is arguably the most popular genre of music, but the debate of the effect of its messages has also continued to grow. By evaluating the history and growth of hip-hop music, this paper aims to demonstrate that hip-hop music has a generally positive effect onShow MoreRelatedRap Music And Hip Hop Culture1097 Words   |  5 PagesRap music has been around for many decades. Rap/hip hop is a  music genre that consists of a stylized  rhythmic music that usually accompanies rapping. Since rap music’s explosion, it took the industry and became the  important part of hip hop culture. It has advanced over time as a part of hip hop culture, which originated from urban youth in New York as a cultural movement. Its original lis teners were primarily African America and it has spread around the world and hip hop has come to be a part forRead MoreRap Music : Influence On Violent Behavior1379 Words   |  6 PagesRAP MUSIC’S INFLUENCE ON VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IN AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES: A REVIEW Kaland Farrow Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University  RAP MUSIC’S INFLUENCE ON VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IN AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES: A REVIEW Rap music is derived from Hip Hop culture which is deeply rooted in the African American community. The word, rap, has a Middle English origin. Originally, rap means to beat or strike. Beginning in the 1960s, African Americans gave the word another definition. 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Comparison Between the set roles of Late 19th Century men in the ‘Ms Julia’ and ‘A Dolls House’ Free Essays

‘Ms Julia’ and ‘A Dolls House’ are both late 19th Century plays. In the late 19th Century, England was the most economically powerful nation in the world, with naval supremacy and an extensive empire. There was great social change; the nation was becoming more literate and expressive, giving birth to the expression ‘art for art’s sake’. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison Between the set roles of Late 19th Century men in the ‘Ms Julia’ and ‘A Dolls House’ or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a result, controversy and conflict occurred during this time of economic and social change. That caused a knock on effect throughout Europe. A new social class was also formed; this was the middle class, which ‘A Dolls House’, is based on. During this time of change, men still had family duties which had to be conformed to in the society. Women’s role in society stayed the same. Women were left at home while their husbands went to work. Not much was expected from them, but to provide offspring and keep their husbands satisfied. Family image was very important during this time period and loss of face was unacceptable, a tarnished image would lead to gossip and loss of respect from people of the same social class. Image and social status is clearly brought out in both plays and conflict is apparent when social roles are not adhered to. In Ms Julia, Jean is portrayed as the ambitious footman who crosses the social barrier to seduce the mistress of the house whereas Torvald remains the stereotypical husband of Nora who fulfills his role as her provider. Both plays ‘A Dolls House’ and ‘Ms Julia’ have dominating male characters. In ‘A Dolls House’ the dominating character, Torvald, plays a middle-class man working as a bank manager. Dr Rank, a well-respected doctor, represents the weaker side of men, both physically through his illness which is probably a sexually transmitted disease inherited from his father and also being susceptible to Nora. In ‘Ms Julia’ the main male character is Jean, whose rank in society does not exceed one of a footman. Even though he seems well educated and speaks French, his intentions are evil and disloyal. The Count, Jean’s employer, does not appear in any scenes but he is known as a stern authoritarian man and his presence throughout the play is noticeable through references by the staff and the ‘bell’ at the end of the play. Torvald, a man who has a secure source of income and is well respected by his acquaintances, conforms to the society he is placed in. Towards his wife, he seems only grateful for the company and entertainment that she provides for him and his friends. ‘Nora, I’d gladly work night and day for you, and endure poverty and sorrow for your sake. ‘ This is a typical male statement of that time where women had to rely on the men in that society. When Nora confesses to taking out the loan, to save his life. He does not really love Nora for who she is, but he loves her for what she does to satisfy her. Torvald feels that her actions were outrageous and something he would not expect from a wife. ‘This is unheard-of from a young girl like you’. This clearly shows how he feels about the position and role of a wife. After confessing, Nora leaves their well-established home under the protection of Torvald, and ventures off into the harsh world. At this moment Torvald is a broken man. His wife has left him with two children and a broken heart. ‘But to lose you – to lose you, Nora! No, no, I can’t even imagine it†¦ ‘. More importantly there is an imbalance in Torvald’s life as his role in society is not the same and his broken image cannot be repaired due to what the society expects from happy middle class families. But you’re my wife – now’. How will he be viewed by others because his wife has left him? Dr Rank plays a distinctive role in the play ‘A Dolls House’. His name relates to society, Ibsen deliberately put it in to show the importance of social ranking. Rank is a family friend to the Helmers and makes frequent visits to their residence. When Rank and Torvald discuss matters, they confide themselves to a small room that does not welcome Nora and is not seen by the audience. The subject of these conversations are not known by Nora indicating a difference in the roles in society. When Rank finds death approaching, he confides in Nora, yet Torvald has no that they occur. ‘Well, at any rate you know that I’m at your service – body and soul. ‘ Helmer clearly states that he is at her service, which does not always equal love. Krogstad is an unemployed barrister in ‘A Dolls House’. During the time that Torvald was ill Nora turned to Krogstad for a loan to pay for a much-needed vacation to Italy. This loan was taken out without Torvald knowing. Throughout the play Krogstad always appears at the Helmers residence asking Torvald to hire him. He visits are not only intended to ask for a job, but also to blackmail Nora for the money that she had borrowed from him and the falsified signature. Near the end of the play Krogstad slips a note inside Torvald’s private letterbox about the loan that he gave to Nora. In ‘Ms Julia’ the dominant male character is Jean. He takes advantage of the Count’s daughter and seduces her. Fear of being caught, they both plan to run away. Jean feels that he should be in a higher social class in society. He tries to fit in with people in a higher class, but tries to ignore the social class barrier. ‘In my dream, I’m in a dark wood, lying under a tall tree. I want to get up – right to the top, where I can see out over the country in the sunlight. ‘ However, he is unable to do so and is reminded constantly of his position in society by Kristin and finally by the bell ringing on the return of the Count. The Count is the master of the house, but not much is heard or seen of him. However, his heavy presence is constantly felt by the bell ringing. It’s Jean, my lord. ‘ This brings fear to all the servants. From what is shown the Count expects certain standards from everyone including his daughter and shows a strong adherance to the social class system of the time. He lives upstairs and the servants live downstairs each to their altered position in society. In the two plays the men have completely different roles and attitudes to their place in society. Torvald is comfortable about his role and place in society. Yet Jean feels the opposite way as he feels that he deserves a higher position. Dr Rank feels that his life has not satisfied all his needs for women and he had an unfair chance at life because of his father’s lifestyle. To conclude, Jean’s role in society does not change throughout the play even though he tries very hard to change, he still holds his role as a footman. Dr Rank stays in his role in society as a doctor and a friend, but he tries to bend the rules in his last moments and attempts to flirt with Nora yet he must stay celibate because of his illness. Torvald looses a part of his role and has an increased role of being a single parent and a middle class working man at the same time. If Jean was to conform to society he would not have considered a relationship between himself and Ms Julia. He would have married Kristin and lived his life as a servant and husband. His dreams of owning a hotel would not happen due to his position as a footman. These men had different ideas and roles, but the end result still remains, society still controls who you are and what you can achieve. The bell in Ms Julia is the main image that restricts what you can achieve. In A Dolls House the sickness that Dr Rank has contracted controls his life and his place in society. How to cite Comparison Between the set roles of Late 19th Century men in the ‘Ms Julia’ and ‘A Dolls House’, Papers

Recruitment & Selection AT Live Wire Laboratory Ltd.

Question: 1. Identify and select a small business (big/well known organisation is not allowed) as the subject for your project, and explain the task to the business manager to obtain approval. 2. Survey key stakeholders (relevant positions in the small business) and identify the HR needs of the business for the next 12 months. 3. Develop a human resources (HR) plan to address the HR needs of the organisation and have the plan approved by the business manager and your assessor before proceeding further. 4. Develop job descriptions. 5. Develop an advertising policy and procedure, including checklist, which complies with organisational, legal and policy requirements. 6. Develop a selection policy and procedure, including checklists, that complies with organisational, legal and policy requirements for: a. external reference checking b. providing offers of employment (including advice about salary, terms and conditions, probation). 7. Review the procedures with key stakeholders and your assessor before proceeding. 8. Facilitate and evaluate some training on at least two of the procedures developed using a training evaluation form. Answer : Executive Summary Success of all business organization depends on its human resource. Every business organization has the same requirements i.e. finding the right person for the job developing him or her into a valuable resource. Conducting the recruitment in the proper way helps the managers to work in most effective manner and achieve the vision mission of the organization. It is expected from every human resource manager that they pay proper attention on the recruitment selection activities happening in the organization, so that they can tackle the human energies in achieving the objectives of the organization. Therefore, personal functions selection recruitment, when they are carried out in a proper manner, it would enable the business enterprise to hire retain the best brains in the business industry. Behind all the world best companies it is its people which are the biggest strengths. The employees recognize themselves with the organization they are working for. The proper functions acted b y human resource manager help the employees to build up their morale, proudness spirit which in turn become the organizational strengths. Certain steps are required to be followed by all the business enterprises, which ensure that it has right number right kind of people at right time at right place, in order to achieve the planned goals of the organization. The report covers the a brief profile of Live Wire Laboratories Ltd., its existing human resource policies, survey report identifying of needs of manpower, current human resource status, develop the job description, developing- HR Plan, advertising policies, selection policies training evaluation for two procedures. Business Profile- Live Wire Laboratories Ltd. The Live Wire Laboratories Ltd. is a young start up manufacturing and exporting human herbal. Live Wire Laboratories was founded by Mr. Abraham Stewart in the year 2001 and has its headquarters in Kallyanpur, Dhaka. Live Wire Laboratories produce ethical drugs, it started with manufacturing oral liquid products. It is private limited company registered with the registrar of Joint Stock Company the firms of Government of People of Bangladesh. Initially the organization faced many challenges problems, however, it successfully overcame with all the problems and is trying to become from a small unit to giant size. Live Wire Laboratories continuously tries to enlarge the facilities of production, increasing the employees and boosting its marketing sales efforts. At present, Live Wire Laboratories product lines include two categories, i.e. herbal allopathic. Both the products include various products. The major activity of Live Wire Laboratories is to contract manufacturing, distribution sales. Live Wire Laboratories sells its products majorly in Bangladesh and also exports a small amount to Nepal Sri Lanka. Live Wire Laboratories is a young growing exporter of human herbal pharmaceuticals product in Bangladesh having 500 employees in total working in various departments within the organization. The Vision Statement of Live Wire Laboratories is to ensure health happiness for all. With their continuous efforts, improvements innovation Live Wire Laboratories want to establish themselves as one of the best pharmaceutical organization. The Mission statement of Live Wire Laboratories is to adopt holistic approach in order to ensure happiness and health for all by making medicines of superior quality at reasonable prices and reaching out even the smallest villages by proper sales distribution channels. They view themselves as partners with doctors, their employees, their customers and the environment. (Ashwathapa, 2007) The Goal of the organization is to stay committed to improve the state of the art manufacturing facilities in order to ensure superior quality products to the customers. The organization is continuously putting its efforts to increase the sales, revenue, productivity improve the image of the organization and the satisfaction level of customers. Planning Recruitment (on the budget basis) 1. The manpower planning procedure for a year starts with the Live Wire Laboratories budgeting activity. The managers or functional heads of respective department submit the requisition form to Board of Directors sating the requirement of manpower in their respective departments as part of their annual business plan. Detailed discussion is done with the Human Resource Manager with proper notes in details in support of the projected assumptions in regards to indirect direct costs of salary for each position. 2. After this detailed discussion a copy of approved human resource plan goes to the HR department for their actions which are further required during the year. The yearly budget would show the required manpower in the entire organization, at various levels in different departments, at different office location and timing when the manpower is required. The budget also depicts the requirement budget, which is the cost assigned towards the replacement of existing employees recruitment of the budgeted staff. The manpower plan will also clearly specify the exact time at which the incumbent should be on board in such a way that the regional HR has plenty notice for the time lapses included in sourcing another activities. 3. The Regional HR department needs to accept the planning activity and perform required preparations in advance of the forecasted requirements, as quarterly monthly activities on the foundation of the approved budget, replacements separations therefore. 4. The openings sought to be filled or being filled will always be within the annual manpower budget which has been approved by the board of directors and no recruitment process will be initiated without the formal notice or meetings with the regional HR Head under any situation. Sourcing Suitable Candidates The HR Department of Live Wire Laboratories adopt various channels for attaining the right candidate. The HR manager uses multiple sources of recruiting the employees depending upon the position, volume of recruitment, etc. Some of these sources include: 1. Employee referrals 2. Existing database of potential candidates 3. Advertisement in Internet/magazine/newspaper/ job sites/companys website or any other media. 4. Placement agencies The choice of sourcing mechanism depends upon number of positions, urgency criticality of the position cost consideration. However, the norms of using any of the above sources are not water tight. Policies Regarding Advertisements 1. All the advertisements related to recruitment in any medium or in any form should always conform to the KLI compliance norm cannot be advertised by any department without having the VP-HR approval depending on the specifics of each vacancy for which recruitment advertisement needs to be acted, the HR Manager has the right to get help from the marketing department of the organization or any external advertising agency for the preparation of the advertisement. Primary characteristics of the vacancies as informed by the department heads would normally be the part of the advertisement text. 2. The media for delivering the advertisement will depend on the level of position being considered on the basis of the urgency of the vacancy. 3. The mode of advertisement can be broadly classified as internet websites, newspapers business magazines. (Robins, 2000) Recruitment Selection of Sales Promotional Representative and Medical Representative For the Live Wire Laboratories, Sales Promotional Representative (SPR) and Medical Representative (MR) are the most important positions. Every quarter, the Live Wire laboratories recruit 20-30 employees for this position. Below is the process of recruiting and selecting MR and SPR: 1. Requisition form: As a process, the marketing division raises the request demanding employees by filling the requisition form. HR department will justify the requirement will take approval from Board of Directors. 2. Attract Invite applicants: Every quarter Live Wire Laboratories recruit MR and SPR in a big quantity. Being this as the main reason they try to reach the maximum number of applicants. HR Department publishes the recruitment advertisement in the newspapers. Mostly the advertisements are published on the last working day of the week. The major points that are included in advertisements are: Job Responsibilities of Sales Promotional Representative: Ensuring prompt timely delivery of medicine to the chemist as per their requirements. Managing cash collections received after the delivery of medicines. Safely depositing the cash received to the concerned department. Promoting the Live Wire products in potential market. Job Specification of Sales Promotional Representative: Applicants should have a minimum completed graduation from a certified and recognized university. 1. Should have scored 60% throughout academics. 2. Should be less than 30 years of age 3. Should be comfortable speaking local language 4. Should have fluent English 5. Should be honest and smart working person. 6. Workplace can be anywhere in Bangladesh. Job Responsibilities of Medical Representative: 1. Able to maintain constant liaison with health care professional doctors. 2. Promoting the products of Live Wire create maximum awareness about the brand. 3. Achieving sales target given by the organization. 4. Providing chemists doctors with updated information about the product on regular basis. Job Specification of Medical: Representative: Applicant must have done masters in general management or have marketing specialization. Should be capable of working under immense pressure to meet targets in given deadlines. Applicant should have his own transportation vehicle and knows driving. Applicant should be comfortable travelling. Applicants under 30 years are eligible to apply. Workplace can be anywhere in Bangladesh. 3. Collecting resumes, conducting examination, interview and publishing results: After the advertisements are published and have received enough number of applicants, the candidates are invited to appear in the written examination and after the examination candidates are shortlisted. Shortlisted candidates appear for the personal interview and then the selected candidates names are published. 4. Acceptance of offer letter: Finally the shortlisted candidates are offered with joining letters and HR Department takes the required papers and performs the reference check. (Kothari, 208) Recruitment Selection Policies 1. First level screening The Candidates would be screened by the HR Manager/Branch Manager for the respective locations. Screening would be on the basis of the profile of the candidate and the departmental requirements. This assessment will be with respect to: The general profile of the candidate, Personality fit of the candidate into the profile, Aptitude/attitude of the candidate, Motives of the person to join the company and whether focus is in the short term or is a long term player, Basic skill level on our set of requirements, say numerically ability, networking ability, etc. Establish the annual guaranteed cash compensation of the individual and check whether the person would fit into the system. Explain the role of Sales manager to the applicant and check the acceptance of the candidate for the same. In case of need, the Regional HR may take a Tele interview of the candidate for further assessment process. 2. Second Level Screening Aptitude Test If the first assessment is positive, the candidates will give the aptitude test, once such test is selected approved by the company. The scoring, interpretation and the generation of interview probes from that test will also be done at this time. People who qualify the minimum criteria on this test will be put up on to the Functional Head (VPs in case of HO) for functional assessment and suitability into the role. General Norms regarding interview Process: Interviews should consider the entire data provided by the candidate either through the formal CV or otherwise before coming to a conclusion about the candidate. They may insist on seeing the proof of the claims made by the candidate regarding qualifications, experience and other achievements. They may, at their discretion, decide to meet the candidate on more than one occasion or to refer the candidate to another panel. Ratings on various attributes of the candidates shall be recorded in the interview evaluation sheet, soon after the interview is over. Along with these numerical ratings, qualitative observations about the candidate and overall decision regarding selection or otherwise (including a decision to defer the induction, referral to another panel, considering for another position) shall be forwarded to the associated Recruitment Manager/ Head of Regional HR. Individual panel members have the option of appending their additional remarks/observations. No selection will be treated as final unless the IES form is filled comprehensively. Suitably appropriate IES formats may be created for specific positions. Any discrepancies noticed by the panel members regarding the authenticity of the data provided by the candidate should be specifically and formally recorded on the IES form and suitably high lightened. Specific points to be probed during the reference check process, if any, must also be clearly recorded and high lightened on the IES forms. Administrative Actions Regarding Interviews Scheduling and the venue of the interviews would be handled by the recruitment team in consultation with the short listed candidate and the selection panel members, after taking mutual convenience into account. For field positions, respective branch/regional heads would undertake this co-ordination. After the final round, if the candidate is selected, the complete set of papers Personal Data Form, CV, job requisition no., Interview evaluation sheet, reference check details, educational details, along with the interviewers recommendations and Reference check form should be forwarded by the recruitment managers to recruitment head. Fitment of the candidate into a grade and compensation fitment shall be on the assumption of authenticity of the information provided in the CV/application form. An appropriate formal communication shall be sent to the candidate whose candidature is not being taken forward, or details of the verbal/telephonic communications provided to the candidate shall be recorded on the candidates papers, by the recruitment team/associated line managers. In the case of interviews taking place at the branch/regional levels, similar noting should be recorded on the individual candidates papers. (Gupta, 2011) Negotiations of the terms and conditions and other pre-appointment formalities In the case of sales-Tied Agency functions, the branch managers will be allowed to fix the salary and grade of the incoming sales manager provided the compensation does not exceed 20% of the candidates current cash salary. Any fitment beyond these norms will need the approval of Head-HR. HR will forward a worksheet to support the BMs to evaluate the appropriate cash CTC of the incumbent. For all other functions, the compensation and grade would be fixed post a discussion between the Head of the Regional HR and the associated AVP/VP. Any candidate being offered a CTC of more than 4lacs will need the sign off from HEAD-HR. In appropriate cases, at the discretion of the VP-HR, a deviation may be referred to the Managing Director, for the MDs formal approval. Responsibility for negotiations and finalization of the terms shall rest with the best Branch Manager/Associated Manager. They may seek the assistance of the recruitment managers, whenever required. Reference checks process should not normally be initiated unless the candidate has indicated his firm acceptance of the offer being made by us. Reference Checks Normal, reference checks should be undertaken with at least one reference. A second reference check will be done if considered necessary. Responsible officials from the former employers, academic institutes and/or any other eminent personalities can be considered as appropriate references. Close relatives and friends cannot be considered as references. Wherever feasible and considered appropriate, a reference should be made with a senior official of the candidates current employer. In case the candidate is currently un-employed, reference should be made with the latest employer. The format of reference check is to be used as a framework for conducting the process Where the minimum two reference checks are not possible (particularly with the current employer) or where there is a mixed response from different sources, the matter may be to the VP-HR for a final decision. Depending on the seniority and any other considerations about the positions, VP-HR would normally consult the functional head concerned, before coming to conclusions. Any candidate whose credentials are doubtful shall not be recruited. In case of recruitment of Management trainees, fresher and life advisors as sales Managers no reference checks will be required. (Abraham, Jose, 1998) Employment offer letter When a recruitment Manager is fully satisfied about the selection of the right candidate and about completion of all the formalities connected with the appointment of candidate including requisite documentation, satisfactory reference check reports and medical fitness, he/she would forward the relevant papers listed below to the head of recruitment. Personal Data form Employee requisition form duly filled by the regional Head/Branch Manager Interview evaluation sheet filled by the regional head/Branch manager/interviewer with his/her comments. Latest and updated resume of the candidate Photocopy of the appointment letter of the last employer or latest salary slip. Employment details. Two Professional references. Language Proficiency. Document check list for every grade is as follows: Authorization Release Form. Background checks Form. Highest Education certificate. Highest Education mark sheet. 1 Month Salary Slip of Current Employer. 1 Month Salary Slip of Last Employer. Relieving Letter of last Employment. Proof of Residence. 2 Passport Size Photograph. Regional HR manager will take the signature of Head-HR on the employee requisition form and forward the papers to the employee service team for issuance of the offer letter. Employee services team will issue offer letter, to be signed by the National Recruitment Manager or Chief Manager-HR, and send the same to the concerned Branch Manager/ HR Manager. It would be the responsibility of the Branch Manager/HR Manager to ensure that the accepted copy of the offer letter is forwarded to the employee service team within a week of receipt of the offer letter. Till this letter is issued, the offer has not taken place in formal sense. A copy of the offer letter shall be duly signed and returned to the candidate. Candidate would be expected to fulfil various joining formalities, which are also formally communicated to him/her in the form of a checklist that is attached to the letter of offer. The Regional HR head shall have the overall responsibility and accountability to maintain the templates of the offer letters and also for drafting of suitable non-standard terms to any specific candidate. The employee service team will follow up Branch Manager/Regional HR Manager for the joining of the candidate and will collect all relevant documents from the candidate including the joining report, before issuing the appointment letter. The employee service team may enlist the help of the Branch Manager to ensure that all necessary documents within ten days o the person joining. After all of the necessary documents, the employee service team will send the appointment letter to the new joiner. Once the documentation is complete for the new joiner (including the accepted appointment letter), people who may have joined before 20th of the month but have not been included in the payroll for the month because of delay in receipt of papers will be given ad-hoc salary advance (up to maximum of 65% of the prorated salary). This advance will be adjusted once the person gets included in the subsequent months payroll. If the person does not submit the relieving letter from the previous organization, where required to be submitted as per the table given above, within three months of joining, the employee service manager can put their salary on hold till such time as the said documents are received. (Rao, 1998) References Robins, D (2000): Human Resource Management, Publisher-Prentice Hall, New York. Abraham, Jose P, (1998), "To Grapple With Attrition" , Publisher- Human Capital Rao, J.M., (1998), "Scouting for Talent ", Publisher- Human Capital Ashwathapa, K, (2007) Human Resource and personnel Management, Tata McGraw Hill 131-176. Gupta, C.B. (2011) Human Resource Management, Sultan Chand Sons. Kothari, C.R, (2008) Research Methodology, Publishers- New Age International